“Most presidents, when they come into office, have a much more nuanced and complicated notion of loyalty than this idea of protecting the president and simply saluting and saying, ‘Yes, sir,’ and, ‘No, sir.’ And some of it may very well be rooted in the excesses of Nixon, because that highlighted the consequences of that sort of value-free embrace of loyalty,” Russell Riley, a presidential historian at the Miller Center at the University of Virginia, told me.
Russell Riley