Begun in August 2001, with the cooperation of the Reagan Library, the Miller Center interviewed key figures in the political life of Ronald Reagan to capture for posterity the words of these individuals who knew Reagan. At the time, Nancy Reagan observed that the Miller Center "has become a valuable part of our lives as it works closely with the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library to create a definitive oral history of the Reagan presidency."

The completed project includes interviews with those closely involved in Reagan's political career, including Cabinet members, White House staff, and campaign advisors. Among those interviewed are Richard Allen, Frank Carlucci, James Miller, George Shultz, William Webster, and Caspar Weinberger.

As a special supplement to the Reagan Oral History, the Falklands Roundtable was designed to capture the recollections of key participants from the Reagan administration who were involved in the Falklands crisis, including Jeane Kirkpatrick and Caspar Weinberger.

Cleared transcripts were released to the public on January 29, 2006 and are available online. Hard copies of the transcripts are housed at the Miller Center's Scripps Library and Multimedia Archive, and at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.